Ginkgo Biloba

Ginkgo biloba is one of the few cases in which the full Latin name is commonly used for a medicinal herb. This may be because Ginkgo biloba was originally a Chinese herb and its name is probably unpronounceable by Westerners! Ginkgo biloba is an extremely unusual plant; it is the sole survivor of a genus that otherwise died out millions of years ago, and in fact there is some doubt that the "wild" trees recently discovered in central China are wild at all.
The extract of the Ginkgo biloba leaves contains flavonoid glycosides and terpenoids (ginkgolides, bilobalides) and has been used pharmaceutically. It has many alleged nootropic properties, and is mainly used as memory and concentration enhancer, and anti-vertigo agent.
Out of the many conflicting research results, Ginkgo biloba extract may have three effects on the human body: it improves blood flow (including microcirculation in small capillaries) to most tissues and organs; it protects against oxidative cell damage from free radicals; and it blocks many of the effects of platelet-activating factor (platelet aggregation, blood clotting) that have been related to the development of a number of cardiovascular, renal, respiratory and CNS (Central Nervous System) disorders. Ginkgo biloba can be used for intermittent claudication.
According to some studies, in a few cases, Ginkgo biloba can significantly improve attention in healthy people. The effect is almost immediate and reaches its peak in 2.5 hours after the intake.
A 2004 conference paper summarizes how various trials indicate that Ginkgo biloba shows promise in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, although further study is needed.
Ginkgo biloba is commonly added to energy drinks, but the amount is typically so low it does not produce a noticeable effect, except perhaps via a placebo effect from Ginkgo biloba being listed on the label.
Ginkgo biloba supplements are usually taken in the range of 40-200 mg per day.
Ginkgo biloba may have some undesirable effects, especially for individuals with blood circulation disorders and those taking anticoagulants such as ibuprofen, aspirin, or warfarin, although recent studies have found that ginkgo biloba has little or no effect on the anticoagulant properties or pharmacodynamics of warfarin. Ginkgo biloba should also not be used by people who are taking certain types of antidepressants (MAOIs and SSRIs) or by pregnant women without first consulting a doctor.
Ginkgo biloba side effects and cautions include: possible increased risk of bleeding, gastrointestinal discomfort, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headaches, dizziness, heart palpitations, and restlessness. If any side effects are experienced, consumption should be stopped immediately.