Molybdenum

Molybdenum is a component of three different enzymes, which is involved in the metabolism of nucleic acids - DNA and RNA - iron as well as food into energy. These three enzymes are sulfite oxidase, xanthine oxidase and aldehyde oxidase.
Molybdenum assists in the breaking down of sulfite toxin build-ups in the body, and may prevent cavities. With these qualities, there might be evidence of antioxidant properties in this nutrient. It assists the body by fighting the nitrosamines, which are associated with cancer, and may help to prevent anaemia. Molybdenum is needed for normal cell function and nitrogen metabolism.
Molybdenum deficiencies in older males have also been linked to impotence and molybdenum may be of value in fighting mouth and gum disorders. Molybdenum is part of sulfite oxidase, an enzyme that breaks down sulfites. Sulfites are found in protein food as well as chemical preservatives in certain foods and drugs. Should your body not be able to break down these sulfites, a toxic build-up results, and your body may react with an allergic reaction.
These allergic reactions can be respiratory problems such as asthma and others. Molybdenum is also part of xanthine oxidase and aldehyde oxidase - both involved in the body's production of genetic material and proteins. Xanthine oxidase also helps the body to oxidize purines and pyrimidines, and produce uric acid, an important waste product.
Deficiencies of molybdenum are identified by the absence of the three molybdenum enzymes. The deficiency of this element and the metabolic disorders are accompanied by abnormal excretion of sulfur metabolites, low uric acid concentrations, and elevated hypoxanthine and xanthine excretion.
The absences of sulfite oxidase in metabolic disorder can lead to death at an early age. High rates of esophageal cancer have been reported in regions where the soil levels of molybdenum are low as well as vitamin C intake - although this does not clinically prove that molybdenum might be involved with prevention of certain cancers.
In the case of microelements, such as trace elements, the amounts are very small, yet they are still important. A dosage of up to 250 micrograms of molybdenum is considered safe, while 15 milligrams can border on toxic.
Toxic dosages of molybdenum in the body can interfere with the metabolism of copper in the body, can give symptoms of gout, and may cause diarrhoea, anaemia and slow growth.
If your diet consists mainly of refined foods or if you are taking copper supplements, you might be running low on molybdenum.
An excess of copper, tungsten and sulfates can deplete molybdenum. Heat and moisture damage supplemental molybdenum.
Food sources of molybdenum include: Milk, lima beans, spinach, liver, grain, peas and other dark green leafy vegetables.